Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: MGST1
Cytogenetic location: 12p12.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:16,347,115-16,593,331 (from NCBI)
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs; EC 2.5.1.18) are products of a gene superfamily. GST proteins catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with a variety of xenobiotics and their reactive metabolites. They are composed of several classes of subunits according to protein sequence similarity and antibody crossreactivity. Microsomal glutathione S-transferase (MGST1) is a unique membrane-bound transferase that is structurally distinct from the cytosolic GSTs. MGST1 has a role in the conjugation of electrophiles and oxidative stress protection (DeJong et al., 1990; Kelner et al., 2000).
By screening a human liver cDNA library with a rat microsomal GST cDNA, DeJong et al. (1988) identified cDNAs encoding MGST1. Northern blot analysis revealed that MGST1 is expressed as a 0.95-kb mRNA in liver. The predicted 154-amino acid protein shares 83% amino acid identity with rat microsomal GST.
Lee and DeJong (1999) determined that the MGST1 gene has 7 exons (exons 1a-1d, 2, 3, 4), is subject to alternative splicing, and spans 18 kb.
Kelner et al. (2000) demonstrated that the MGST1 gene has 2 alternative first exons (exons 1B and 1D) and that the promoter region immediately upstream of the dominant first exon responds to oxidative stress and directs transcription.
Using the MGST1 cDNA, DeJong et al. (1989, 1990) characterized the MGST1 gene by genomic blotting and assigned the gene to chromosome 12 by study of a panel of mouse-human somatic cell hybrid DNAs.
By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Kelner et al. (2000) mapped the MGST1 gene to 12p13.1-p13.2.
Kelner et al. (1996) determined that the GST12 gene spans 12.8 kb and contains 4 exons.
DeJong, J. L., Mohandas, T., Tu, C.-P. D. The gene for the microsomal glutathione S-transferase is on human chromosome 12. Genomics 6: 379-382, 1990. [PubMed: 2307478] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(90)90580-n]
DeJong, J. L., Mohandas, T. K., Tu, C.-P. D. Mapping of the human microsomal glutathione S-transferase gene to chromosome 12. (Abstract) Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 51: 986 only, 1989.
DeJong, J. L., Morgenstern, R., Jornvall, H., DePierre, J. W., Tu, C.-P. D. Gene expression of rat and human microsomal glutathione S-transferases. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 8430-8436, 1988. [PubMed: 3372534]
Kelner, M. J., Bagnell, R. D., Montoya, M. A., Estes, L. A., Forsberg, L., Morgenstern, R. Structural organization of the microsomal glutathione S-transferase gene (MGST1) on chromosome 12p13.1-13.2. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 13000-13006, 2000. [PubMed: 10777602] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.17.13000]
Kelner, M. J., Stokely, M. N., Stovall, N. E., Montoya, M. A. Structural organization of the human microsomal glutathione S-transferase gene (GST12). Genomics 36: 100-103, 1996. [PubMed: 8812420] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.0429]
Lee, S. H., DeJong, J. Microsomal GST-I: genomic organization, expression, and alternative splicing of the human gene. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1446: 389-396, 1999. [PubMed: 10524215] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00112-8]