HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: ICAM3
Cytogenetic location: 19p13.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 19:10,333,776-10,339,624 (from NCBI)
Fawcett et al. (1992) cloned a third ligand for LFA1 (153370; 600065); also see intercellular adhesion molecules 1 and 2 (ICAM1, 147840; ICAM2, 146630). ICAM1 and ICAM2 are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The interaction of LFA1 with ICAM provides essential accessory adhesion signals in many immune interactions, including those between T and B lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cells and their targets. Both ICAMs are expressed at low levels on resting vascular endothelium; ICAM1 is strongly upregulated by cytokine stimulation and plays a key role in the arrest of leukocytes in blood vessels at sites of inflammation and injury. Resting leukocytes were shown to express a third ligand, ICAM3, for LFA1. ICAM3 is potentially the most important ligand for LFA1 in the initiation of the immune response because the expression of ICAM1 on resting leukocytes is low. Fawcett et al. (1992) used expression cloning to isolate a cDNA encoding a protein which is constitutively expressed on all leukocytes and which binds LFA1. ICAM3 is closely related to ICAM1, consists of 5 immunoglobulin domains, and binds LFA1 through its 2 N-terminal domains. Vazeux et al. (1992) cloned the same intercellular adhesion molecule, which they referred to as ICAM-R. The cDNA was 1,781 bp long, with a 1,640-bp open reading frame starting with an ATG at position 16, followed by a second ATG at position 24. Overall identities in protein structure with ICAM1 and ICAM2 were 48% and 31%, respectively, with the degree of similarity varying between individual domains.
Using the cDNA as a probe, Bossy et al. (1994) mapped the ICAM3 gene to 19p13.3-p13.2 by isotopic in situ hybridization. They also mapped the gene to chromosome 19 by PCR amplification of DNAs from somatic cell hybrids. ICAM1 maps to the same region of chromosome 19.
Bossy, D., Mattei, M.-G., Simmons, D. L. The human intracellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM3) gene is located in the 19p13.2-p13.3 region, close to the ICAM1 gene. Genomics 23: 712-713, 1994. [PubMed: 7851905] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1994.1565]
Fawcett, J., Holness, C. L. L., Needham, L. A., Turley, H., Gatter, K. C., Mason, D. Y., Simmons, D. L. Molecular cloning of ICAM-3, a third ligand for LFA-1, constitutively expressed on resting leukocytes. Nature 360: 481-484, 1992. [PubMed: 1448173] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/360481a0]
Vazeux, R., Hoffman, P. A., Tomita, J. K., Dickinson, E. S., Jasman, R. L., St. John, T., Gallatin, W. M. Cloning and characterization of a new intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-R. Nature 360: 485-488, 1992. [PubMed: 1448174] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1038/360485a0]