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HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: IFNW1
Cytogenetic location: 9p21.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 9:21,140,632-21,141,832 (from NCBI)
Henco et al. (1985) compiled partial maps of the interferon gene cluster located on 9p21. These maps showed that members of the 2 main families of genes in the IFN superfamily, interferon-alpha (147660) and interferon-omega (IFNW), are interspersed. Olopade et al. (1992) studied the deletions of the short arm of chromosome 9 frequently observed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in gliomas. These deletions often include the entire interferon gene cluster, which comprises about 26 IFNA, IFNW, and IFNB1 (147640) genes, as well as the gene for methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP; 156540). By comparing microscopic deletions with the genes lost at the molecular level, Olopade et al. (1992) determined the order of these genes on 9p to be tel--IFNB1--IFNA/IFNW cluster--MTAP--cen. In a few cell lines and in primary leukemia cells, they observed deletions that had breakpoints within the IFN gene cluster and resulted in partial loss of the IFN genes. These partial deletions allowed them to determine the order of some genes or groups of genes in the IFNA/IFNW gene cluster. From their deletion analysis, Olopade et al. (1992) deduced the following order of the IFN gene on 9p: pter--IFNB1--(IFNW1, IFNA21)--IFNWP15--IFNA4--IFNW9--IFNA7--IFNA10--IFNWP18--IFNAP16--IFNA17--IFNA14--(IFNA22, IFNA5, IFNAP20, IFNA6, IFNA13, IFNA2)--(IFNA8, IFNW2, IFNWP19, IFNA1)--MTAP--cen. The genes within the large linkage group are arranged in tandem with their 3-prime end pointing toward the telomere of the short arm. Thus, at least 2 functional interferon-omega genes, IFNW1 and IFNW2, were mapped and several IFNW pseudogenes, e.g., IFNWP15, were localized.
Pseudogenes
Diaz and Bohlander (1993) provided a tabulation of the nomenclature of the human interferon genes and listed IFNWP2 as a pseudogene. The only functional interferon-omega gene is presumably IFNW1.
Diaz, M. O., Bohlander, S. Nomenclature of the human interferon genes. J. Interferon Res. 13: 443-444, 1993. [PubMed: 8151140] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1089/jir.1993.13.443]
Henco, K., Brosius, J., Fujisawa, A., Fujisawa, J.-I., Haynes, J. R., Hochstadt, J., Kovacic, T., Pasek, M., Schambock, A., Schmid, J., Todokoro, K., Walchli, M., Nagata, S., Weissmann, C. Structural relationship of human interferon alpha genes and pseudogenes. J. Molec. Biol. 185: 227-260, 1985. [PubMed: 4057246] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(85)90401-2]
Olopade, O. I., Bohlander, S. K., Pomykala, H., Maltepe, E., Van Melle, E., Le Beau, M. M., Diaz, M. O. Mapping of the shortest region of overlap of deletions of the short arm of chromosome 9 associated with human neoplasia. Genomics 14: 437-443, 1992. [PubMed: 1385305] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80238-1]