Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: STATH
Cytogenetic location: 4q13.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 4:69,995,966-70,002,570 (from NCBI)
Statherin is a tyrosine-rich acidic salivary peptide that is an unusually potent inhibitor of calcium phosphate precipitation (Schlesinger and Hay, 1977).
Schlesinger and Hay (1977) determined the complete amino acid sequence of human salivary statherin. The peptide contains 43 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 5,380 Da. Like the proline-rich proteins (PRPs), it binds calcium and inhibits crystal growth. Statherin also inhibits spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate salts. Statherin and PRPs may prevent build-up of harmful deposits in the salivary glands and on the tooth surfaces.
By screening a cDNA library constructed from human parotid gland mRNA with mixed oligonucleotides based on the known amino acid sequence of statherin, Sabatini et al. (1986, 1987) cloned a statherin cDNA.
Dickinson et al. (1987) cloned sequences encoding human submaxillary gland statherin and a basic histidine-rich peptide. A strong sequence homology suggested evolution from a common ancestral sequence.
By a study of DNA from human-hamster somatic cell hybrids, Sabatini et al. (1986, 1987) found evidence that statherin is coded by a single-copy gene located in on chromosome 4q11-q13.
Dickinson, D. P., Ridall, A. L., Levine, M. J. Human submandibular gland statherin and basic histidine-rich peptide are encoded by highly abundant mRNA's derived from a common ancestral sequence. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 149: 784-790, 1987. [PubMed: 3426601] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(87)90436-0]
Sabatini, L. M., Carlock, L. R., Johnson, G. W., Azen, E. A. cDNA cloning and chromosomal localization of a gene for statherin, a regulator of calcium in saliva. (Abstract) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39: A217 only, 1986.
Sabatini, L. M., Carlock, L. R., Johnson, G. W., Azen, E. A. cDNA cloning and chromosomal localization (4q11-13) of a gene for statherin, a regulator of calcium in saliva. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 41: 1048-1060, 1987. [PubMed: 3502720]
Schlesinger, D. H., Hay, D. I. Complete covalent structure of statherin, a tyrosine-rich acidic peptide which inhibits calcium phosphate precipitation from human parotid saliva. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 1689-1695, 1977. [PubMed: 838735]